COMMUNICATION
DEFINATION OF COMMUNICATION ?
The term communication is defined from the
Latin word‘communis ’ which means ‘ common ’ thus , communication stands for
sharing ideas in common . Man is a social being. Communication is important to communication.
We share our thoughts, ideas and feelings with individuals and group of
people. Communication plays an important
role in the development of mankind, society and in the economic growth of
country. In short Communication is a process of exchanging information and
feelings between two or more than two people and it is essential to effective
management.
Communication is the process of exchange of ideas, facts opinions and
manners by the receiver of message shares and understands it with another. It
is a process that connects the sender with receiver. It is whole sequence of
transmission and interchange of facts, ideas, feelings etc.
·
Process of communication :
I.
Idea : It
is a piece of information which a sender want to share .
II.
Sender : Sender
is the person who sends the message to receiver.
III.
Message :
The content of subject matter.
IV.
Encoding
: Chance of message into certain signs and symbols .
V.
Channel :
The medium through which a sender sends the message .
VI.
Receiver
: Who received the message.
VII.
Decoding
: To convert the message in easy and understandable way.
VIII.
Feedback
: Who gave response to the receiver.
HOW WILL YOU MAKE COMMUNICATION EFFECTIVE ?
·
Positive Attitude :
The communication must have positive
attitude to make communication effective.
·
Clarity :
Message should be clear in sense in
sender’s mind and conveyed clearly to the receivers.
·
Appropriate use of channels :
We use than type of channel which we
need to make communication effective.
·
Communicator :
Communicator should must be use simple word and common word and
short sentence .
·
Receiver :
A sender must have knowledge of
receiver background. A sender must adopt you approach.
·
Feedback :
A sender must see feedback from the
receiver to known the effectiveness is communication.
Types of communication
Communication are
further divided into two categories :
i.
Verbal communication
ii.
Non-verbal communication
i.
Verbal Communication :
The communication by using language or (words) is called verbal
communication. It is also divide into two parts :
a.
Oral communication
b.
Written communication
WHAT IS ORAL
COMMUNICATION ?
The term or word oral means anything related to month. Oral
communication is that form of communication in which the message is transmitted
in spoken form. In oral communication the sender and the receiver exchange
ideas through speech either in face to face conversation or through some
mechanical or electrical device.
Examples of oral communications are :
1.Face to face communication
1. T.V
2. Radio
3. Lectures
4. Meeting etc.
It’s Advantages and Disadvantages :
Advantages :
1.
Oral communication is less expensive
than oral communication.
2.
It is faster than the written
conversation.
3.
Oral communication helps in getting
quick response from the receiver.
4.
It is more effective because in this
the sender and the receiver share their ideas by using face to face form of
communication.
5.
It is more flexible because no record
of oral communication is kept in the routine.
6.
It is useful when the information
has to be kept secret.
7.
It is useful where when the receiver
is illiterate.
8.
It is useful when some message are
to be given to a large number of people.
Disadvantages :
1.
Oral
communication is not possible when the receiver lives at the distant places and
no means of communication is available.
2.
It is not
possible in the case of lengthy subject matter because the listener will not be
able to understand the whole information.
3.
It can’t
be served as an authentic piece of record unless the conversation is recorded.
4.
It may be
failed in certain situation and create misunderstanding because of the immediate
response from the receiver.
WHAT IS WRITTEN COMMUNICATION ?
The communication in which the information
is exchange in the written or printed form is known as written communication .
It is most formal of all types of communication.
Example of written communication :
1.
Letters
2.
Reports
3.
Memos
4.
Handbooks
5.
Cards
6.
Magazines etc.
Advantages :
2.
It is
useful when the message is long and lengthy.
3.
It is
helpful when the receiver happens to be at a distant place.
4.
It is
useful when the message contains figures and disadvantages.
5.
It is
helpful when the message is impossible to understand orally.
6.
Written
communication is useful for keeping a record in the future.
Disadvantages :
1.
It is
more expensive for transmitting the short messages.
2.
It may
create confusion in the mind of the receiver and to clear than confusion we
have a lot of time. So, it leads to the wastage of time.
3.
Once the
message has been dispatched, there is little scope left for amendments.
4.
If the
written communication is poorly drafted, it may create misunderstanding and
confusion in the mind of the receiver.
Communication
consists of basically four basically four important skills :
a.
Listening
skill
b.
Speaking
skill
c.
Reading
skill
d.
Writing
skill
ii.
Non-verbal communication :
WHAT IS NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION ?
The term non-verbal means without words so non-verbal
communication means communications without words. It is also called wordless
communication when the communicators communicate through sings and symbols,
gestures and postures, body languages etc. without using any words.
Types of non-verbal
communication :
a.
Kinesics (Body language): It is the
study of body movements to judge inner state of emotions expressed through
different parts of the body . Our body movements express true conditions in an
unconscious way. Our facial expression and eyes, postures and physical
appearance come a lot.
b.
Paralanguage (Voice type): It is the
study of study of quality and volume of voice. It means how a person speaks. It
stress on how a person speaks rather than what he speaks.
c.
Proxemics (Space distance): It is
the study of how we use a space around to communicate the message. It is the personal
space language as kinetics it is the body language.
d.
Haptics (Touch Language): It is a
study of how physical contact or touch is used to communicate to idea and
feelings, stroking, patting, shaking hands etc.
e.
Chrosemics (Time Language): The
subject that deals with the way the people use time dimension or time language.
This time language is called chrosemics.
f.
Physical contexts : Physical
contexts like room design, furniture, decoration, colour etc. Convey a lot of meaning to our
senses.
Advantages and disadvantages of non-verbal communication :
Advantages :
1.
It is the
natural and effective means of communication between two or more persons.
2.
When
verbal communication breaks down non-verbal communication serves the purpose.
3.
It
provides efficiency to the sender as
well as receiver. We can transmit a non-verbal message without even thinking
about audience whether he will understand the message or not because he can
understand the message unconsciously.
Disadvantages :
1.
The body
language can’t convey the total message but only part of it.
2.
Some of gestures
vary (different) form one region to another region.
3.
Non-verbal
communication becomes more difficult to understand.
4.
In
non-verbal sometimes the gestures can be misunderstood.
Formal Communication :
Formal communication is the process of
exchanging information between two or more persons by following official rules,
procedure, system, formalities and chain of command in the form of written
communication such as notes, letters, memos, notices, report or statements.
Advantages and
disadvantages 0f formal communication :
Advantages :
1.
Formal communication is more
efficient as it follows the rules.
2.
It is considered to be authentic
because it has a proof.
3.
It creates proper control and
discipline in organization.
4.
It is of permanent nature because it
is used as reference for the future.
5.
It is systematic and very much easy
to communicate with each other.
6.
By the use of this, it is possible
to communicate with employees quickly.
Disadvantages :
1.
It is
time consuming.
2.
There is
lack of direct and personal relation between the top executives and employees.
3.
It is
inflexible because there is the chain of persons and nobody can change his view
easily.
4.
Under
this communication systems everybody has his own duty, so everything becomes
mechanical and no one takes initiative.
5.
It is costly because in this system
organization policy and rules are obeyed.
Informal Communication :
Informal communication is the communication
that takes place outside the formal communication structures of the work place.
It does not have any formalities. This is based upon informal relations. Formal
communication networks will always be supported by informal channels. The
formal networks is usually stable. But the informal is flexible and it changes
in changing situations.
Advantages and
disadvantages of Informal Communication :
Advantages :
1.
It brings a sense of unity among
employees of an organization when they meet to share and discuss certain
issues.
2.
It provides feedback to the
management.
3.
The speed of this is remarkable for
transmitting information.
Disadvantages :
1.
It cannot
always be taken seriously because it spreads to transmits information by word
of mouth or orally.
2.
It does
not carry the complete information as it is based on guess.
3.
It may
distort the information as it completely unofficial and its origin lines in
rumour.
# V.S
CREATIONS
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